Hygiene is important to maintain health and lead , success to life
Menstrual hygiene is mostly important to maintain good reproductive health. It is the hygiene during the period of “Menstruation”
Menstruation:
It is bleeding from the vagina, which starts when a girl is around 12 years of age, bleeding can last for 3- 5 days and the amount varies from one girl to another.
It will be starts at the age of 13 years, mostly a healthy girl can get by 9th year of age also. If the girl who have a not proper physical development and unhealthy girl can get lately by after 16 years of age also.
It will occurs due to hormonal changes in this age due to stimulation of pituitary gland / hypothalamus.
In some girls there is choice to failure of menstruation, due to hormonal disfunction.
This menstrual cycle is taken to be 28 days long and re-occurs regularly from puberty to menopause except when pregnancy intervenes.
There are 4 main phases includes in this menstrual cycle:
Those are:
Menstrual Phase
Proliferative Phase
Secretary Phase
Menopause
Menstrual Phase:
This phase characterized by vaginal bleeding, lasts for 3- 5 days. In this phase encometrium layer is shutdown to the basal layer, along with blood from the capillaries & with the unfertile ovum.
Proliferative Phase:
This follows mensuration & lasts until ovulation. During this period the endometrium is re- forming it also described as generative phase.
The completion of this phase the endometrium consists of 3 layers.
a. Basal layer:
It lies immediately above the myometrium, this is never alters during the menstrual cycle.
b. Functional layer:
While contains tubulars glands, it changes constantly according to the layer of influences of the ovary.
c. Layer of cuboidal ciliated epithelium:
It covers the functional layer and dips down to line the tubular glands.
Secretary Phase:
In this face the endometrial glands which began to secrete glycogen, So, this period termed as ‘ Secretary Phase’.
Menopause:
It which stops the menstruation. It occurs after 50 years of age, due to suppression of estrogen & progesterone.
INCIDENCE
Out of 160 respondents 108 (67.5%) girls are aware of about menstruation prior to attainment of menarche.
138 (86.25%) girls believed it as a physiological process.
75 ( 48.75%) girls knew the use of sanitary pads during menstruation.
Regarding practice, only 18 (11.25%) girls used sanitary pads during mensuration.
For cleaning purpose 156 (97.5%) girls used both soap and water.
Regarding restrictions practiced 136 (85%) girls practiced different restrictions during menstruation.
BACKGROUND STUDY
Menstruation & Menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and socio- cultural restrictions, they are resulting in adolescents girls remaining ignorant of the scientific facts& hygienic health practices, which sometimes result into adverse health outcomes.
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